Seasonal Dynamic and life tables structure of the whitefly (Acaudaleyrodes rachipora) (Hemiptera: Aleurodidae) on Nabok (Zizyphus spina) in Baghdad

The population density of the whitefly, Acaudaleyrodes rachipora, was observed at the College of Basic Education/ Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad Governorate, on Nabok trees. The maximum number of immature stages in March 2025 was 493 eggs, 436 nymphs, and 395 pupae per leaf, respectively. The lowest population was in April 2025(383 eggs, 365 nymphs, and 380 pupae per leaf, respectively). The immature stage population on the plant varied according to the tree’s orientation. The highest population was observed on trees facing east (524 eggs, 517 nymphs, and 328 pupae per leaf, respectively), followed about eggs by trees facing the North 447 eggs, south 408 eggs, About nymphs in the middle 505 nymphs, south 366 nymphs, South 338 nymphs. According the pupae in middle 268, south 246 and north 225 pupae.  Natural enemies, as well as the abiotic factors of high temperature and low humidity, were the main factors regulating populations. Life-life tables revealed that the aforementioned factors were responsible for limiting insect populations, particularly photoperiod and adult mortality. The monthly trend index for the period from March to April 2025 was 2.94 and 1.05