Libya is considered one of the promising countries in terms of its natural resources, particularly gypsum deposits, which are widely distributed in various regions of the country. Despite the abundance of this resource, the industrial exploitation rate does not exceed 5%, with its main use being limited to cement production and the manufacture of medium-quality plaster. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the quality of both raw and locally processed gypsum from the Bir Al-Ghanam area and compare it with imported gypsum (Meknassi gypsum) in terms of chemical composition, mineral structure, and physical properties.
A precise scientific methodology was followed, involving the analysis of samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the mineral structure, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify the proportions of key chemical elements. Field visits were conducted to the fine gypsum factory in Bir Al-Ghanam and the adjacent quarries, in addition to reviewing relevant technical reports, ensuring the credibility of the obtained results.
The findings revealed that the local gypsum from Bir Al-Ghanam shares the same mineral structure as the imported gypsum, with differences in color due to the presence of organic impurities. Chemical analysis showed that the sulfate content of local gypsum was 52.31%, surpassing that of the imported gypsum, which was 49.87%. Regarding moisture content, Libyan gypsum recorded 3.55%, compared to 5.48% in the imported gypsum. However, the imported gypsum showed superior fineness, explaining the local preference for it despite its higher cost compared to the local product.
This study highlights the potential of Libyan gypsum and stresses the need for investing in the improvement of local manufacturing techniques to enhance its quality and competitiveness, thus reducing reliance on imports and supporting the national economy.